Urban Sprawl and Its Effect On Agriculture Lands and Land Surface Temperature: a Case Study of Erbil City

  • Diyar Ramadhan Mohammed, Ali Volkan Bilgili1, Daban K. Omar
Keywords: LU/LC, urban expansion, agricultural lands land surface temperature, supervised classification.

Abstract

This study employs Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-8 imaging data, as well as GIS data and algorithms, to identify and analyze Erbil City's constructed areas increase, as well as its influence on LST during the years 2000, 2010, and 2020. The goal of this research is to examine and analyze the geographical distribution of LST in Erbil City regions and surrounding regions, as well as to investigate the link among LST and various land cover categories. An overseen categorization was employed in this work to categorize distinct land cover types and identify any alterations in the land cover classes. The LST for the research region was then retrieved using a Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE). The findings show that there was a significant and rapid increase of Built-Up land in this location. This grew from 5.4% in 2000 to 14.9% from 2010 to 22.2% 2020. Furthermore, agriculture area dropped substantially among 2000, 2010 and 2020, accounting for 6.7% , 5.5% and 8.1% correspondingly. Moreover, the geographic distribution of LST within city regions was non-equal and non-concentric. When relative to earlier created districts, newly developed districts beyond the city had the greatest LST, thus the warmest surface locations were focused in locations outside the city for three years. Additionally, this study found that the geographic distribution of LST varied due to differences in land cover classes. As the lowest LST was recorded in the Agriculture and Green vegetation class, when Green Vegetation was 31ºC ,34 ºC and 38ºC in 2000,2010 and 2020 respectively. In contrast, the highest LST was recorded in Barren Land 41 ºC ,42 ºC and 44 ºC 'in 2000,2010 and 2020 respectively. Therefore, this study dictated that Erbil City's water bodies and green areas perform an important part in the procedure of cooling surfaces and decreasing air temperatures, as evidenced by the outcomes of the correlation analysis among LST and NDVI, that also disclosed a significant negative estimate for three years. This was -0.86, -0.84 and -0.82 for 2000,2010 and for the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, correspondingly. Consequently, the use of remote sensing tools and combining the findings with GIS data and procedures was discovered to become the most successful instrument despite getting a utilitarian influence on Erbil City's future expansion operations and local and regional planning.

Published
2021-08-02
How to Cite
Ali Volkan Bilgili1, Daban K. OmarD. R. M. (2021). Urban Sprawl and Its Effect On Agriculture Lands and Land Surface Temperature: a Case Study of Erbil City . Design Engineering, 5875- 5889. Retrieved from http://www.thedesignengineering.com/index.php/DE/article/view/3088
Section
Articles