Spatial Variations of the Water Quality Parameters in Basra Water Treatment Plants Using ANOVA

  • Zahraa Hussain Ali Mahdi, Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan
Keywords: water quality; Two-way ANOVA; Shatt Al-Arab River; water treatment plants

Abstract

Water treatment plants (WTPs) are an important source to supply the demand of the highly populated Basra province, Iraq.  Water quality of the Shatt Al-Arab River which is the main source to these WTPs with the aid of the Sweet water Canal is constantly deteriorating at a rate due to various industrial, municipal, and agricultural activities taking place along the course of the river. The present study investigates the spatial variation in the water quality parameters for the years 2011, 2015, and 2019. 

This study sampled water quality of twelve parameters which were (pH, Turbidity, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Calcium(Ca+2), Magnesium (Mg+2), Total Hardness (TH), Potassium (K+), Sodium (Na+), Sulphates (SO4-2),  Chloride (Cl-), and Alkalinity), from the Influent of eight  WTPs for the years from (2011, 2015, and 2019). 

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the statistically considerable spatial and temporal variation,  

Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that substantial spatial differences existed between stations where the influence of sewage discharge and salinity intrusion from the Arabian Gulf was very evident, creating a significant gap between stations with no pollution source, stations near sewage discharge outflows, and stations primarily affected by salinity intrusion from the Arabian Gulf.

In addition to that Water quality index (WQI) was calculated for each site using the National sanitation foundation water quality index (NSFWQI) method. WQI results in the present study detected that the water quality varies Poor, Very poor, or Unsuitable category at all stations in all the years under study. The significant seasonal variation (p<0.05) was also recorded between the WQIs values.

Published
2021-07-18
How to Cite
Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan, Z. H. A. M. (2021). Spatial Variations of the Water Quality Parameters in Basra Water Treatment Plants Using ANOVA. Design Engineering, 3684- 3703. Retrieved from http://www.thedesignengineering.com/index.php/DE/article/view/2790
Section
Articles